GENERAL OBSERVATIONSON APPEALS. 333 Chrysostom, which gave occasion to the troubles of that incomparable personage; which is so illustrious an instance that the words of the historian relating it deserve setting down: " They jointlyendeavoured that the trains against them might be examined by the emperor as judge, and by the bishop John, for they conceived that he, having conscience of using a just freedom, would be able to succour them according to right; but he received the men applying to him courteously, and treated them respectfully, and did not hinder them from praying in the church. He also wrote to Theophilus to render communion to them, as being orthodox ; and if there were need of judging their case by law, that he would send whom they thought good to prosecute the cause."' If this had been to the pope, it would have been alleged for an appeal; and it would have had as much colour as any instance which they can produce. 4. And when men, either good or bad, resort in this manner to great friends, it is no wonder if they accost them in highest terms of respect, and with exaggerations of their eminent advantages; so in- ducing them to regard and favour their cause. 5. Neither is it strange that great persons should favourably en- tertain those,who make such addresses to them, they always coming crouching in a suppliant posture and with fair pretences, it being also natural to men to delight in seeing their power acknowledged, and it being a glorious thing to relieve the afflicted; for " eminence is wont to incline toward infirmity, and with a ready good-will to take part with those who are under."' So when Basilides, when Marcellus, when Eustathius Sebastenus, when Maximus the Cynic, when Apiarius, were condemned, the pope was hasty to engage for them, more liking their application to him than weighing their cause. 6. And when any person continues long in a flourishing estate, sö that such addresses are frequently made to him, no wonder that an opinion of lawful power to receive them arises both in him and in others, so that of a voluntary friend he becomes an authorized pro- tector, a patron, a judge of such persons in such cases. X. The sovereign is fountain of all jurisdiction, and all inferior magistrates derive their authority from his warrant and commission, acting as his deputies or ministers, according to that intimation in K.91 mE ivaoagov vrapá ß"' i xpr, xai 'Imávvn mär aúmrv ivrvxáaá ixixtAar má5 iziCit xá5 0710,0 mo yáp xaapPgo,, aúmáv 19,71.2.4E,, má Sizaa gaxusas aú,075 Si orpoesXgvmas abq movç ävapas Qrxupóvaç ipÉamo, xai iv mrpcñ ETzs, xai truxtvAar ixxx>lviaç obx ixárxvvE . iypai(.E Si eto(ixd zorvrvviav aúmoiç áoroóovva,, *Ss úpAaç vrtpi e,OV Ligovvry sin Sixn No, KpfYEO'A0:1 má xa,' aú,0ú5 civrovrixxEfv Sy aúmw Semi' Srxavá- p0avov. S02. viii. 13. 2 4,rxt7p riXra,a xáp vpridar mó orpvizov orpáç mó clatviç, xai Sr' túvoiaç izovviov mh Owermu- piv0¡ vrpov,iAt,i .--Greg. Na:., Orat. xxiii
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