334 TENTH ASSUMPTIONOF THE POPE JURISDICTION. StPeter, "Whether to the king as supreme, or unto governors as sent by him," 1 Pet. ii. 13, 14. Accordingly, the pope challenges this advantage to himself, that he is the fountain of ecclesiastical jurisdiction, pretending all epis- copal power to be derived from him. " The ruleof the church," says Bellarmine, " is monarchical; there- fore, all authority is in one, and from him is derived to others: "1 which aphorism he well proves from the form of "creating bishops," as they call it : " We provide such a church with such a person ; and we prefer him to be father, andpastor, and bishop of the said church, committing to him the administration in temporals and spirituals, in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost."' Pope Pius II., in his Bull of Retractation, thus expresses the sense of his see : " In the militant church, which resembles the triumphant, there is one moderator andjudgeof all, thevicar of Jesus Christ, from whom, as fromthe head, all power and authority is derived to the sub- ject members, which immediately flows into it from the Lord Christ."' Acongregation of cardinals appointed by Pope Paulus III., speak- ing after the style and sentiments of that see, said to him, " Your holiness so bears the care of Christ's church that you have very many ministers, bywhich you manage that care; these are all the clergy, on whom the service of God is charged, especially priests, and more especially curates, and above all, bishops."4 Durandus, bishop of Mande [Mende], according to the sense of his age, says, " Thepope is head of all bishops, fromwhom they as mem- bers froman head descend, andof whose fulness all receive; whom he calls to a participation of his care, but admits not into the fulness of his power."' This pretence is seen in the ordinary titles of bishops, who style themselves bishops of such a place, "by the grace of God and of the apostolic see."' O I* i Regimen ecclesim est monarchicum; ergo, omnis auctoritas est in uno, et ah illo in aliosderivatur.Bell. iv. 24; Epiph. Seer. xlii. 2 Providemus ecclesim tali de talipersona; et prmficimus eum in patrem, et pastorem, et episcopum ejusdem ecclesim, committentes ei administrationem in temporalibus et spiritualibus, in nomine, &c.Ibid. 3 In ecclesi militanti, qum instar triumphantis habet, unus est omnium moderator et arbiter JesuChristi vicarius, a quo tanquamcapite omnis in subjecta membra potestas et authoritas derivatur, qum a Christo Dominosine medioin ipsum influit. P. Pius II. in Bull. Retract. Sanctitas vestra ita gent curam ecclesimChristi, ut ministros plurimos habeat, per quos curam exerceat; hi autem sunt elerici omnes, quibus mandatus est cultus Dei; presbyteri prtesertim, et maxime curati, et pm omnibus episcopi, &c. ApudCham. de Pont. (Scum. x. xiii. Summus pontifex caput est omnium pontificum, a quo illi tanquam a capite mem- bradescendunt, et de cujus plenitudineomnes accipiunt; quos ipse.vocat in partem soli- citudinis, non in plenitudinem potestatis. Durand. Simat. Offic. H. 1, 17. 6 N. Dei et apostolicm sedis gratia episcopus Colon, &c. That is, Howdisgraceful, to place an apostolic see on a level with thegrace of God,
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