INTRODUCTION 29 That to the pope, as sovereign monarch, by divine sanction, of the whole church, appertain royal prerogatives ("Regalia Petri," " The royalties of Peter," they are called in theoath prescribed to bishops), such as these which follow: To be superior to the whole church and to its representative, a general synod of bishops; to convocate general synods at his plea- sure, all bishops being obliged to attend upon summons from him; to preside in synods, so as to suggest matter, promote, obstruct, over- rule the debates in them; to confirm or invalidate their determina- tions, giving life to them by his assent, or subtracting it by his dis- sent; to define points of doctrine, or to decide controversies autho- ritatively, so that none may presume to contest or dissent from his dictates; to enact, establish, abrogate, suspend, dispense with eccle- siastical laws and canons; to relax or evacuate ecclesiastical cen- sures by indulgence, pardon, &c.; to void promises, vows, oaths, obligations to laws, by his dispensation; to be the fountain of all pastoral jurisdiction and dignity; to constitute, confirm, judge, cen- sure, suspend, depose, remove, restore, reconcile bishops; to confer ecclesiastical dignities and beneficesby paramount authority, in way of provision, reservation, &c.; to exempt colleges, monasteries, &c., from jurisdiction of their bishops and ordinary superiors; to judge all persons in all spiritual causes, by calling them to bis cognizance, or delegating judges for them, with a final and peremptory sentence; to receive appeals from all ecclesiastical judicatories, and to reverse their judgments, if he find cause; to be himself unaccountable for any of his doings, exempt from judgment, and liable tono reproof; to erect, transfer, abolish episcopal sees; to exact oaths of fealty and obedience from the clergy; to found religious orders, 'or to raise a spiritual militia for propagation and defence of the church; to sum- mon and commissionate soldiers by croisade, &c., to fight against infidels, or persecute infidels.Bell., iv. 22. Some of these are expressed, others in general terms couched in those words of Pope Eugenius, telling the Greeks what they must consent unto. " The pope," said he, " will have the prerogatives of his church; and he will have appeals to him; and will feed all the church of Christ, as shepherd of the sheep. Beside these things, that he may have authority and power to convoke general synods, when need shall be; and that all the patriarchs yield to his will."' successores vicarios suos instituit, quibus ex libri Regum testimonio ita obedire ne- cesse est, ut qui non obedierit morte moriatur.P. Leo X. in Cone. Later., sess. xi. p. 151. ®É%EE 9ráV4a 44 9rpavÓ,ala 4;iç Éxxña)dlaç aÚ4oÎl, xa:Ì .9Éa.Ef ÉxE/v TñY Ëxxílv74av, xaÌ ÌAúVEIr xaÌ 9ralpaa%vEEy 9rtedav 4pIV 6xxñ91d1af TOV Xpld4eaV, md9rEp 9ral,oEñv 4/vV 9rpaiárWV 9rpás Taúrarç, iva 'IX!? ÉoudiaV xaÌ OÚ9aF.Lly vuyzparEiv dúVOOav oÌx01I1.4EVIx9Çy, YTS 440EES, xal 91'á147Zç 404 wa4plápxaç aEañ¡<1441 aÚTOÚ.-Cone. Flor., p. 846.
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