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XXII
INTRODUCTORY ESSAY.
their
head. And
as
Christ,
the
king
of
the
church,
has undoubtedly
received
"
all power
in
heaven
and in earth,"
the
same
universal
juris-
diction
is
presumed
to
belong to his delegate
and
representative.*
That
this extravagant
claim has
been made
by
the
popes for
many
centuries
is
beyond
all
question.
Our
author
has
observed,
in
his
Introduction,
that
Gregory
II.,
who was
ordained in
715
(several
years before
Pepin's
dotation of temporal
possessions
to the
pope),
"
may be
reputed the father of
that
doctrine,
which,
being
fostered
by
his
successors, was
by Pope
Gregory
VII.
(Hildebrand) brought
up
to its robust
pitch and stature,"
p. 17.
The
following
may be
selected from
many other
decrees of
the
popes
and
councils, as
a
spe-
cimen of
the authority
claimed, aild
the
grounds
on which
it
was
made
to rest;
it
is
from
the
famous
"
Extravagant"
of Boniface
VIII.:
"All
the
faithful of Christ,
by
necessity
of
salvation, are subject
to the
Roman
pontiff, who
has both
swords,
and judges all
men,
but
is
judged
by no
one.
In
the
power of
which successor we
are
taught
by the
evangelical sayings
that
there are
two
swords,
the spiritual
and the temporal;
for
when
the
apostles said,
'
Behold,
here,'
that
is,
in the
church,
`are
two
swords,'
the
Lord
did
not
answer
that
there
were too
many,
but
merely
enough.
Certainly he
who denies
that
the
temporal
sword is
in the
hand
of
Peter attends little
to
that
word of
the
Lord,
`.Put up thy sward into
its
sheath.' Each,
then,
is
in
the
power
of
the
church,
the
spiritual and
the
material
sword.
But
one is
to be
used
for,
the other
by
the
church;
one
by
the
hand
of
the
priest,
the
other
by
the
hand
of
kings and
soldiers,
but
at
the
nod and
permission of
the
priest.
Thus
the
prophecy of
Jeremiah
is
verified
in the
church and
the
ecclesiastical power:
`See,
I
have
set
thee
this
day
over the
nations and
over the
kingdoms.' There-
fore,
if
the
earthly
power
turn
aside,
it
will be
judged
by
the
spiri-
tual
power;
and if a spiritual
inferior,
by
his superior.
But
if
the
high
spiritual
power
turn
aside,
it
can be
judged by
God alone,
not
by man;
since
the
apostle bears witness,
The
spiritual
man
judgeth all
things, but he
himself is judged
by no
man.' And this
authority
is
not
human,
though
given
to man and
exercised
by man;
but rather
divine, given
by the
divine
mouth to
Peter
himself
and
his
successors,
in him
whom
he
confirmed
to be a
firm rock,
the
Lord
saying
to
Peter
himself,
'Whatsoever thou shalt bind
on
earth
shall
be
bound
in
heaven.' Whosoever, therefore, resists
this
power, resists
the
ordinance of God; unless he pretend,
as
the
Manichees,
that
there
are
two
beginnings, which
we
judge
false
and
heretical,
because,
as Moses testifies,
not
in
the
beginnings,
but
`in
the beginning,
God
See
this point ably argued
and
illustrated in
" The Papacy,"
by the
Rev.
J.
A.
Wylie,
chap. v.