448 EOCTn111E OË THE PASSIO*S. SECT. II.'-T/teDeseriptionofthe Passions, together with a Gene- ral Division of them into three Ranks. It isevident from thenature of things, that there mustbe in pure and separate spirits some affections correspondent to most of those passions which our spirits feel who dwell in animal bodies. They have love and hatred, desire and aversion, joy and sorrow, fear and hope, as well as we s But while we dwell in these bodies, the affections ofour minds will be accompanied. with some commotions of animal nature, and some peculiar sen- sations, whereby, as I hinted, they obtain the name of passions. Now it is exceeding hard, if not impossible, for us precisely to distinguish how far the animal nature, and how far the mind or spirit, are concerned in producing all these effects, and in raising these sensations or commotions which we call passions. I shall confine myself, therefore, in this discourse, only to give some ac- count ofthese complex workings of our compoundnature, as we find them in our present embodied state. The passions may be thus described : They are those sensi- blecommotions of our whole nature, both soul and body, which are occasioned by the perception of an object according to some special properties that belong to it. See Section III. Remark 2, and3. An object which is suited to excite thepassions, must have one of these three properties, viz. it must be eitherrare and uncbmmón, or good and agreeable, or evil and disagreeable : Or at least we must have such an idea and apprehension of it be- fore it can excite any passion in us. Now if we will distinguish the chief passions of our nature according to their objects, and confine ourselves to the common words and names whereby they are usually called, we may mak e three ranks of them ; which for distinction's sake, I shall name the first, second, and third rank. The two first are primitive, the third is derivative. - The first rank ofpassions are these three ; admiration, love, and hatred. If the object be rare and uncommon, it excites ad- miration or wonder. Ìfwe look on it as good or any way agree- able to us, it may engage our love ; but ifit be evilor disagree- able, it moves our hatred. Note here, I take the words good and evil, and consequently, the words love and hatred, in avery large sense, which 1 shall account for afterwards. The second rank of chief passions are the divers kinds of love and hatred, which also are distinguised bytheir objects. If the"object appear valuable, it raises a love of esteem ; if worth- less, thehatred is called contempt. If the object appear fit to receive good from us, it is love of benevolence, or goodwill: If it appear rather fit to receive evil from us,' the hatred is called malevolence, or ill-will. If the
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