466 DOCTRINE OF THE PASSIONS. Sorrow and joy do properly belong to the mind of man; sensual pain and pleasure to the animal nature united toit : ;Yet in a way of metaphor or resemblance, as. grief is the, pain of the mind, so joymay hecalled the pleasure of the mind. When our joy is moderate, it is gladness :.Moderate. grief is called trouble or uneasiness of mind. When these passions are raised on a sudden, and to the highest degree, joy becomes exultation or transport, and grief is distress and anguish of mind: And especially if overwhelm,, ing fear of further evil attend it, it is horror and extrememisery. Contentment has a sort of gladness of heart belonging to it, when we limit our desires by our possessions : But wheat. our desires are raised high, and yet accomplished, this is called satisfaction. When our joy is derived from some comical occaaion..or. amusement, it is mirth ; this is manifested by laughter : If it rise from some considerable opposition, that is vanquished in.the: pursuit of the good we desire, it gains the honourablename of triumph. When joy has so oftenor so long possessed the mind, that it is settled into a temper, we call, it cheerfulness or gaiety of heart : But if sorrow affect the constitution of the body, and the temper of the mind in this manner, it is generally joined with habitual fear, and it is named dejection, or heaviness of spirit, or 'melancholy. This is well described, a sinking sadnessoppres- sig n the whole man. Good and evil, which are past or future, aawell as what is present, will raise some, degrees ofjoy and sorrow, but in a little different manlier. Evil foreseen gives us sorrowjoinedwith fear ; good foreseen,raises the,joy of hope. And sometimes the joys and sorrows which arise from hope and fear of good or evil to come, are greater thanthose -Which we feel from thegood or evil when it is come, as was intimated before. In like manner, the recollection of former joy gives us some pleasure that we once possessed it, mingled with pain and grief that it isvanished and gone. Soalso the remembranceof former sorrows has some bitterness in it, while it revives them upon the mind ; but it is matter of joy to think they are finished, and shall not return. When we rejoice upon the account.of any good, which others obtain, it may be called congratulation, or sympathy of joy ; and when we grieve upon the account of evil, which others endure, it is pity and sympathy of sorrow : And this sometimes reaches even to objects where there is no hope of
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy OTcyMjk=