3`2,(1 'LOGIC : OR, Tun RIGHT IISE OF REASON. lugs; and. these are shupe,,size, situation, or place, &c. ;lodes ,f spirit belong only to 'minds ; such are; knowledge, assent; dissent,' doubting, reasoning, &e. Modes which belong to both have been sometimes called mixt modes, or human nodes, for these are' only found in human nature, which is compounded both of body and spirit ; such are sensation, imagination, pàs- lion, &c. in all which there is a concurrence of the operations both of mind and body, that is, of animal and intellectual nature; But the modes of body may be yet farther distinguished. Some of them are primary modes or qualities, for they belong to bodies considered in themselves, whether there were any man to take notice of them or no ; such are those before mentioned, namely; shape, size, situation, &c. secondary qualities, or modes, are such ideas as we ascribe to bodies ou account of the various impressions which are made ou the'senses of men by thorn, and them are called sensible qualities, which are very numerous; such are all colours, as red, green, blue, &c. such are all sounds; as sharp, shrill, loud, hoarse ; all tastes, as sweet, bitter, sour ; all smells, whether pleasant, of'en.stve, or indifferent ; and all tactile qualities, or such as affect the touch or feeling, namely, heat, cold, &c. These are properly called secondary qualities, for though we are ready to conceive them as existing in the very bodies themselves which affect our senses, yet true philosophy has most undeniably proved, that all these are really various ideas or ,perceptions excited in human nature, by the different impressions that bodies make upon our senses by their primary modes; that is, by means of the different shape, size, motion, and position, of those little invisible parts that compose them.. Thence it follows, that a secondary quality, considered as in the bodies themselves, is .nothing else but a power or aptitude to produce such sensations in us.: See Locke's Essay on the Un- derstanding, Book II. Chap. S.. VIII. I might add; in the last place, that as modes belong to substances, so there are some also "that are but modes of other' modes : for though they subsist in and by the substance, as the ori- ginal subject of them, yet they are properly and directly attributed to soase mode of that substance. Notion is the mode of a hotly but the swiftness or slowness of it, or its direction to the Nortlt or South, are but triodes of motion. Walking is the mode or manner of a man, or of a beast; but walking gracefully implies a manner or mode superadded to that action. All comparative and superlative degrees of any quality, are. the modes of a mode, as swifter implies a greater measure of swiftness. It would be too tedious here to run through all the modes,!. accidents, and relations at large that belong various beings, and are copiously treated of in general in the science called me- tcphgsiçs, Or more properly ontology; They are 1;10 treated óf
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