488. LOGIC : OR, THE RIGHT USE OE REASON. (5:) London and Paris are in different latitudes ; the lá& tude of London is 56 degrees; therefore this cannot be the lati- tude of Paris. (6.) Joseph and Benjamin had one mother ; Rachel was the mother of Joseph ; therefore she was Benjamin's mother too. (7.) The father and the son are of equal stature ; the father is six feet high : therefore the son is six feet high also. ($.) Pride is inconsistent with innocence; angels, have inno- cence; therefore they have no pride. Or thus, devils have pride; therefore they have not innocence. I might multiply other instances of these connexive syllo- gisms, by bringing in all sorts of exceptive, exclusive, compara- tive and modal propositions into the composition of them ; for all these may be wrought into conjunctive, as well as into simple syllogisms, and thereby we may render them complex. But it would waste time and paper without equal profit. Concerning these various kinds of conjunctive syllogisms, take these two observations. Observ. I. Most of them may be transformed into catego- rical syllogisms, by those who have a mind to prove the truth of them that way ; or they may be easily converted into each other by changing the forms of speech. II. These éonjunctive syllogisms are seldom deficient or faulty in the form of them ; for such a deficiency would be dis- covered at first glance generally by common reason, without any artificial -rules of Logic: The chief care therefore is to see that the major proposition be true, upon which the whole force of the argument usually depends. SECT. VI. -Of Compound Syllogisms. WE properly call those compound syllogisms, which are made of two or more single syllogisms, and may be resolved into them. The chief kinds are these : epichirema, dilemma, prosyllogismus, and sorites. I. Epichirema is a syllogism which contains the proof of the major or minor, or both, before it draws the conclusion. This is often used in writing,' in public speeches, and in common conversation; that so each part of the discourse may be con- firmed and put out of doubt, as it moves on toward the conclu, sion, which was chiefly designed. Take this instance : Sickness may be good for us ; for it weans us from,the plea - sures of life, and makes us think of dying ; But we are uneasy under sickness, which appears by our ikrnpatience, complaints, groanings, &c. Therefore we are uneasy sometimes under that which is, good for us. Another instance you may see in Cieero's oration in defence
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy OTcyMjk=