514 A BRIEF SCHEME OF ONTOLOGY. rally applied to something which is requisite in order to the effect, though it hat) not a proper actual influence in producing that effect. Day-light is a condition of ploughing, sowing and reap- ing : Darkness is a condition of our seeing stars and glow- worms : Clearness of the stream is the condition of our spying sand and pebbles at the bottom of it : Being well Brest with a Lead uncovered is -a condition of a man's coming into the pre- sence of the king : And paying a pepper-corn yearly is the con- dition of enjoying an estate. How far the perfect idea ofthe word condition in the civil law may differ from this representation is not my present work to determine. Note, These three last causes may possibly be all rank- ed under the general name of conditions ; but I think it is more proper to distinguish them into their different kinds of causality. CHAP. XI.-Of Subject and Adjunct. THE greatest part of what is necessary to be said on this theme may be found in Logic, where it treats of substances and modes : But in this place the word subject is more usually con- sidered as having accidental modes relating to it than those which are essential, for so the word adjunct means here. As a being or substance maybe a _subject of inhesión, ad- hesion or of denomination, so adjuncts may perhaps sometimes beused in a large sense to include some internal qualities which may inhere in the subject ; but the word more generally stands distinguished from inherent qualities, and signifies more pro- perly external additions or appendices, which adhere to the sub- ject or names and denominations, by which it is called. The most considerable adjuncts of all appearances or actions are what we call circumstances, which.include time, place, light, darkness, doodling, the surrounding situation of things, ,or persons, and the concomitant, antecedent, or consequent events. When the word subject signifies a subject either of occupa- tion, of operation, of thought or discourse, it may be properly also called an object ; as a house or timber are subjects or objects on which a carpenter works, about which he is occupied, or of which he thinks or discourses. Objects are either immediate and proxirne, or mediate and remote. The pages and words of a book are the immediate ob- ject of a student's ocçupation; notions and opinions, arts and sciences are the remote object, because they are taught by these pages. So a displeased superior is the remote object of my ad- dresses, but the Mediator by whom I hope for reconciliation is my moreimmediate object. I send letters tomy friend remotely, but 1- deliver them immediately to the post. Again, Objects are either common or proper. The shape, and motion, and size of bodies are common objects of two dif'e-
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