CHAPTER XIII. 317 spirit's presence in a place by consciousness or operation bath . been called a definitive or limited presence ; because its consci- ousness and operation are not universal or infinite: God's omni- presence, or his being every where, bath been termed his reple- tive presence, because the scripture says, God fills heaven and earth; though this term perhaps does not properly answer the philosophical idea, yet it may be used in a vulgar and figurative way of speaking, which is perfectly agreeable to the language and design of the sacred writers. Canr. XIII.-OfAgreement and Difference, of Sameness, and the Doctrineof Opposites. THE agreement and difference of things are found out by that act of the mind which we call comparison, wherein we com pare one thing with another ; but we sometimes also compare the same thing with itself at different times or places, or as vested with different qualities, or under different circumstances, or con siderations, and in different respects, and so we say a thing agrees with, or differs from itself. Agreement is either real, that is in substance ; or modal, that is in modes, properties or accidents, or it is mental, i. e. such as is made only by our conceptions. Again, Agreement is either internal, i. e. in essence, in quantity, or in quality ; or it is external, that is, in causes, effects, adjuncts, circumstances and names. Yet further, agreement is either total and perfect, when there is no manner of difference, ór partial, which admits a dif- ference in some respect. Perfect agreement in the highest de- gree is usually called sameness, yet this word is sometimes used also to signify lower degrees of it. Sameness or identity is attributed to things which agree in essence, or have an essential agreement ; but agreement in quality is properly called likeness. An agreement in quantity, if it be perfect, is sometimes called sameness, but more properly equality. Agreement in value requires an agreement in quantity, where the quality is the same ; so five shillings is the same with a crown, or equal to it, i. e. it is the same quantity of silver. But sometimes agree- ment in valuearises from the difference of quality compensating the excess or defect in quantity ; so a guinea of gold is equal to twenty -one shillings in silver. But if the agreement in quantity be not absolute and perfect individual sameness, it is called proportion: so we say there is a proportion between sixteen and twenty-four, for one is two -thirds of the other : and so there is between three fives and fifteen, for they are equal. Agreement in shape or figure is usually calledsimilarity, id two equilateral triangles are similar figures. xk3
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